Asplenium nidus, a study of forest degradation bio-indicator

RAKOTONIRINA Arsène Giovanni, RASOLOFO Ny Aina Kenny, FANOMEZANJANAHARY Louise Edonie

Résumé

In the face of environmental degradation, certain species adapt more while others become more sensitive, serving as bio-indicators. Asplenium nidus, a fern, an epiphyte of the ASPLENIACEAE family, was studied in two forests, one on a slope and the other on flat terrain. How does it behave in a flat area (degraded and non-degraded) compared to a sloped area (lower slope and mid-slope)? Thirty individuals were studied in a flat area (Antetezana), and seventy individuals on a slope (Analamazaotra). Biometric parameters, including leaf length and width, were measured, analyzed using two luxmeters simultaneously within a 30m radius. Chi-square analysis was conducted to determine the orientation dependence concerning the species exposure. The Student's t-test examined the sensitivity of parameters in each zone and variations in brightness between environments. In the flat zone, 48% of individuals are influenced by the West orientation, comprising 45% of individuals (degraded zone), and the East orientation accounting for 50% (non-degraded zone) with orientation dependence (p-value = 0.040). In the sloped area, the luxmeter difference was significant (p-value = 0.001), but both forests showed no significant difference in biometric parameters (p-value > 0.05). Ethnobotany revealed that over 85% of 152 households generally use the forest for medicine and energy wood, with no direct use of the species. Orientation in the flat zone is considered an important bio-indicator parameter, but not the slope.

Asplenium nidus, bio-indicator, flat zone, sloped zone, orientation, Antetezana

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References

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